DOI:
VOLUME 1 – MARCH ISSUE 1.
*Abeer Raslan Shaban
University Putra Malaysia.
ABSTRACT
One of the deadliest cancers in the world is liver cancer. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the major primary liver cancer. The main etiologies for HCC are cirrhosis and chronic liver disease. Because of the toxic effects and low efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents, there is a greater need for natural products. Thymoquinone is the active constituent of Nigella Sativa (black cumin) seeds. It has a powerful effect on cancer cells without harming normal cells. However, it has low bioavailability because of its low lipid solubility. So, it is loaded onto a lipophilic carrier to form thymoquinone nano-lipid-carrier (TQ-NLC). Many chemotherapeutic agents exert their effects via multiple pathways. No article has been published showing all pathways for these agents. Gathering them will save time and effort for most researchers. It will also give a more obvious understanding of the picture. This review article collects all the pathways by which anti-cancer agents possess their effects, especially TQNLC on human liver cancer cells. For this systemic search, the investigation approach was used to classify related literature using the PRISMA framework. This approach was fitted to four databases: Scopus, Web of Sciences, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. The search words used are "apoptosis pathways" and "cancer". All the searches are covered from the database launched until 2021, including articles and reviews published in English only. The inclusive systemic review of this research showed that TQ treatment affected multiple signaling pathways activated in cancer progression.
Keywords:
molecular modulation, hepatocellular carcinoma, thymoquinone, apoptosis, signaling pathway.
