ANALGESIC AND ACUTE TOXICITY PROFILES OF CLEOME CILIATA SCHUMACH AND THONN LEAVES EXTRACT IN MICE

Omoyibo Oghenetega Favour, Peter A. Owonaro* and Joshua Funsho Eniojukan

Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Niger Delta University Bayelsa State.

ABSTRACT

Various parts of plants contain active ingredients in their crude state and are capable of causing mild to severe acute or chronic toxicity in humans. This study aimed to estimate the analgesic activities and acute toxicity profile of Cleome ciliata leaves crude extract in mice and histopathological effects on the various organs using mice. Cleome ciliata leaves were obtained from Bayelsa (A) and Delta (B) states of Nigeria, identified at the faculty of Pharmacy, Niger Delta University (NDU). LD50 was determined using Lorke’s method; analgesic and acute toxicity and histopathological evaluations were carried out on mice. Data showed that the maximum tolerated dose of the crude extract was 100mg/kg and the LD50 was 316.23mg/kg correspondingly, for samples A and B, indicating that the crude extract is moderately toxic (50 – 500mg/kg). Analgesic evaluation of Cleome ciliata administered at 250mg/kg dose showed significant analgesic effects when compared with the regular analgesic drug Aspirin administered at 150mg/kg, its onset was 0.08min with a duration of action, 0.47 min while Cleome ciliata crude leaves extract of Sample A, the onset of action was 0.35minites with a duration of action 1.05 min, while that of Sample B, the onset of action was 0.02minites with a duration of action 0.13 min. Some levels of toxicity were seen but no organ damage was observed from the histopathological results. The study concludes that Cleome ciliata has an analgesic effect, accompanied by toxic and side effects but without organ damage.
 

Keywords:

Cleome ciliata; analgesic; acetic

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